| The writing instrument that dominated for the | | | | for their famous Duofold line of pens. |
| longest period in history was the quill pen. Quill pens, | | | | 2. Lever Filler: Walter Sheaffer patented the lever |
| made from the wing feathers of geese, lasted for | | | | filler in 1908. The W.A. Sheaffer Pen Company of |
| only a week before they needed to be replaced. | | | | Fort Madison, Iowa introduced it in 1912. An external |
| When handwriting developed into an art form, | | | | lever depressed the flexible ink sac. The lever fitted |
| inventors began improving the writing instrument with | | | | flush with the barrel of the pen when it was not in |
| newer technologies. | | | | use. |
| Fountain Pen innovators created filling systems that | | | | 3. Crescent Filler: Roy Conklin of Toledo commercially |
| gave optimum performance in their reservoir designs. | | | | produced the first one later called the click filler. |
| The earliest fountain pens were filled through the use | | | | When two protruding tabs on the outside of the pen |
| of an eyedropper. An eyedropper was used to | | | | were pressed, the tabs would make a clicking sound |
| transfer ink from the bottle to the pen. However, | | | | when the sac was full. |
| this process was messy and inconvenient. There are | | | | 4. Coin Filler: Matchstick type filler using a coin was |
| three main components in a fountain pen - the | | | | developed by Lewis Edson Waterman in an attempt |
| reservoir, the feed mechanism and the nib. The | | | | to compete with the winning lever filler patent |
| reservoir holds the ink, the feed mechanism channels | | | | belonging to Sheaffer. A slot in the barrel of the pen |
| the ink from the reservoir to the nib and the nib | | | | enabled a coin to deflate the internal pressure plate, |
| (usually made of gold or steel) does the actual | | | | a similar idea to the matchstick filler. |
| writing. | | | | 5. Matchstick Filler: Estimated introduction was around |
| There are two key methods for filling a pen: by | | | | 1910 by the Weidlich Company. A hole in the side of |
| cartridge or self-filling. Although the use of a cartridge | | | | the barrel pushed the pressure bar with a matchstick. |
| is extremely convenient and less messy, the self-filling | | | | 6. The Piston Filler: Launched to stardom in 1930, |
| procedure holds a higher esteem over cartridges. | | | | when the German firm Pelikan licensed the |
| There are two techniques that allowed fountain pens | | | | technology and used it in its first self-filling pen, the |
| to be self-sufficient: The lever filler and the button | | | | Pelikan 100. |
| filler. All of the fillers had some success but brought a | | | | Fine penmanship was essential for anyone involved in |
| few concerns in the area of regular maintenance. Self | | | | the correspondence business (clerical, bookkeepers, |
| filling pen designs included lever fillers, button fillers, | | | | stenographers, musicians, etc.). The advancement of |
| twist fillers, blow fillers, pump fillers, vacumatic fillers, | | | | fountain pen manufacturing came with many |
| sleeve fillers and piston-filling techniques. Several | | | | successes and failures to perfect self-filling |
| different patents were issued for the self-filling | | | | mechanisms and deter interruption of service. |
| fountain pen designs. Here are six historical inventions | | | | Innovation created secure usage and helped to |
| of self filling designs that shaped the future of | | | | prevent messy leaks. Effective and reliable filling |
| fountain pen's global longevity: | | | | systems were refined and installed in fountain pens |
| 1. The Button Filler: Patented in 1905 and first offered | | | | creating an enjoyable experience through function |
| by the Parker Pen Co. in 1913. This was an alternative | | | | and style. |
| to the eyedropper method that was used by Parker | | | | |